Search results for "beam [electron]"

showing 10 items of 433 documents

Development and use of computational tools for modelling negative hydrogen ion source extraction systems

2013

mallintaminenionitionisoiva säteilybeam formationbeam transportsäteilylaitteethiukkaskiihdyttimetnegative hydrogen ioncomputer modellingsäteilyfysiikkatietokoneetvetyion extractionion sourceion optics
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Artefacts in CBCT: a review

2011

Artefacts are common in today's cone beam CT (CBCT). They are induced by discrepancies between the mathematical modelling and the actual physical imaging process. Since artefacts may interfere with the diagnostic process performed on CBCT data sets, every user should be aware of their presence. This article aims to discuss the most prominent artefacts identified in the scientific literature and review the existing knowledge on these artefacts. We also briefly review the basic three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction concept applied by today's CBCT scanners, as all artefacts are more or less directly related to it.

medicine.medical_specialtyCone beam computed tomographyComputer scienceMetal artefactImage processingReviewImaging Three-DimensionalScattering radiationImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansScattering RadiationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsComputer visionGeneral DentistryCone beam ctPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineCone-Beam Computed TomographyModels TheoreticalRadiographic Image EnhancementOtorhinolaryngologyArtificial intelligenceArtifactsbusinessAlgorithmsDentomaxillofacial Radiology
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Cone beam computed tomography diagnostic imaging of intra-osseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the mandible

2017

Intra-osseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the mandible is a rarely reported entity, comprising only 2-3% of all mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Unilocular and/or multilocular radiolucency is characteristic of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, but has a radiographic appearance similar to that of odontogenic benign and malignant tumors and thus cannot be accurately diagnosed on plain films. This article describes a case of a 36-year-old man with intra-osseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the left mandible. For a detailed analysis, both panoramic radiograph and cone beam computed tomograph were taken. Important clinico-pathological and imaging features, differential diagnosis and review of the literature ar…

medicine.medical_specialtyCone beam computed tomographyOral Medicine and PathologyPanoramic radiographbusiness.industryRadiographyMandibleCase Report030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.disease03 medical and health sciencesstomatognathic diseases0302 clinical medicineMucoepidermoid carcinomaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMedical imagingmedicineRadiologyTomographyDifferential diagnosis030223 otorhinolaryngologybusinessGeneral Dentistry
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Impact of cone-beam computed tomography for the identification and management of an oral portal of entry in patients with infective endocarditis. A D…

2021

Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare and life-threatening disease. Cutaneous portal of entry (POE) is predominant for IE, but an oral POE is the second most frequent source. Thus looking for and treating an oral POE in IE patients is of critical importance in order to reduce the risk of IE relapse or recurrence. The objectives of this study were: 1) To reach a consensus on decision-making following the detection of an oral POE on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) while they were not identified using the current recommended approach in IE patients (oral examination and orthopantomogram: OPT). 2) To determine whether this consensus differs when regarding the microbiology of IE.…

medicine.medical_specialtyCone beam computed tomographyPanoramic radiographDelphi TechniquediagnosisDelphi methodMEDLINERadiography PanoramicmedicineHumansIn patientDental CareGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASangina bullosa haemorrhagicaResponse rate (survey)oral mucosa blistersEndocarditisbusiness.industryResearchGeneral surgeryCone-Beam Computed Tomographymedicine.diseaseOtorhinolaryngologyRadiological weaponInfective endocarditisSurgeryOral Surgerybusiness
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Comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of 2D radiography and cone beam computed tomography in persistent apical periodontal disease: A PRISMA-DTA syst…

2021

Objective The objective of this study was to answer the question: Do conventional radiographs (periapical/panoramic) afford better diagnostic outcomes than cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a complement for clinical diagnosis of apical lesions with persistent apical periodontitis or disease after root canal treatment? Study Design Five electronic databases were searched and provided information to enable construction of a table to determine primary diagnostic measures and secondary parameters. The evidence was appraised with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool and GRADEpro software. Results Twenty-seven articles (9903 diagnostic images) were included. The pooled…

medicine.medical_specialtyCone beam computed tomographyReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryRoot canalRadiographyCone-Beam Computed TomographyPredictive valuePathology and Forensic MedicineTherapeutic goalmedicine.anatomical_structurePeriodontal diseaseROC CurveMeta-analysisMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDentistry (miscellaneous)SurgeryRadiologyOral SurgerybusinessPeriapical PeriodontitisOral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology
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Technical and surgical aspects of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) microstimulator insertion procedure

2015

Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating, severe form of headache. A novel non-systemic therapy has been developed that produces therapeutic electrical stimulation to the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG). A transoral surgical technique for inserting the Pulsante SPG Microstimulator into the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is presented herein. Technical aspects include detailed descriptions of the preoperative planning using computed tomography or cone beam computed tomography scans for presurgical digital microstimulator insertion into the patient specific anatomy and intraoperative verification of microstimulator placement. Surgical aspects include techniques to insert the microstimulator into the…

medicine.medical_specialtyCone beam computed tomographymedicine.medical_treatmentPterygopalatine FossaCluster HeadacheElectric Stimulation TherapyRadiography Interventional03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansPain ManagementInsertion procedure030212 general & internal medicineDental implantNeurostimulationsphenopalatine ganglionPterygopalatine fossaPain Measurementbusiness.industryCluster headachepterygopalatine fossacluster headacheGanglia ParasympatheticPerioperativeEquipment DesignCone-Beam Computed Tomographymedicine.diseaseGanglionSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyneuromodulationSurgeryOral SurgerybusinessTomography X-Ray Computed030217 neurology & neurosurgeryneurostimulation
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Broad-beam transmission data for new brachytherapy sources, Tm-170 and Yb-169

2005

The characteristics of the radionuclides (170)Tm and (169)Yb are highly interesting for their use as high dose-rate brachytherapy sources. The introduction of brachytherapy equipment containing these sources will lead to smaller required thicknesses of the materials used in radiation protection barriers compared with the use of conventional sources such as (192)Ir and (137)Cs. The purpose of this study is to determine the required thicknesses of protection material for the design of the protecting walls. Using the Monte Carlo method, transmission data were derived for broad-beam geometries through lead and concrete barriers, from which the first half value layer and tenth value layer are ob…

medicine.medical_specialtyMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodOpticsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsYtterbiumRadioisotopesRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineBeam transmissionIridium RadioisotopesTransmission (telecommunications)Cesium RadioisotopesThuliumCalibrationDose reductionRadiation protectionbusinessMonte Carlo MethodHalf-value layerRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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Broad beam transmission data for the shielding of brachytherapy facilities

2008

medicine.medical_specialtyOpticsOncologybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentElectromagnetic shieldingBrachytherapymedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsBeam transmissionbusinessBrachytherapy
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Editorial: CBCT special issue

2014

In the dental community, it is a common belief that CBCT was invented for oral and maxillofacial imaging. Of course, we know that this is a myth since the technique of a volumetric CT is indeed much older and dates back to the late 1970s.1,2 Considering that CT was introduced in 1973, its volumetric counterpart was developed very soon thereafter driven by the need for high spatial and temporal resolution that a conventional CT at that time was not able to achieve. However, successful marketing of the technique indeed was much later, and certainly a consequence of the publication of “A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results” by Mozz…

medicine.medical_specialtyPoint (typography)business.industryPeer ReviewRadiation doseDental imagingCBCT Special Issue: EditorialSubject (documents)General MedicineCone-Beam Computed TomographyCbct imagingImaging Three-DimensionalOtorhinolaryngologySubsequent revisionVolumetric CTRadiography DentalMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingReview processMedical physicsbusinessGeneral Dentistry
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Preliminary study of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory-11:validation for patients with head and neck cancer

2021

Background Cancer involves numerous physical, psychological and emotional changes and has a negative impact on patients. Although there are a wide variety of questionnaires for general use in patients with cancer, very few are available that assess the pain, disability and craniomandibular functionality of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a more specific manner. The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary behavior of the CF-PDI in its reduced version adapted for patients with HNC. Material and Methods A total of 61 patients with HNC were included in a study to preliminarily analyze the internal consistency of the instrument, the convergent validity and the floor and c…

medicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricscone-beam computed tomographyMasseter muscleCronbach's alphaQuality of lifeFacial PainRating scaleOral Cancer and Potentially malignant disordersSurveys and QuestionnairesThreshold of painimpactedHumansMedicinetoothGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASPain Measurementbusiness.industryResearchHead and neck cancerReproducibility of Resultsbone densitymedicine.diseasehumanitiesimage processingOtorhinolaryngologyConvergent validityHead and Neck Neoplasmscomputer-assistedQuality of LifePhysical therapymaxillaSurgeryPain catastrophizingbusiness
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